copyright/trademark symbol

K

Klaus Linke

wylodeane said:
Does the copyright/trademark go at the top or
bottom of the last word?


Don't know whether there is a rule, but I guess it's customary to typeset
them full size, not supersripted in front of some text:
Microsoft Word 6
(C) 1989-1994 Microsoft Corporation.

and smaller, superscripted right after a copyrighted/trademarked word:
Windows(R)98, Palm(TM) handheld, ...

In some fonts, some or all these symbols appear superscripted, and not in
others.

Regards,
Klaus
 
S

Suzanne S. Barnhill

That's my observation as well. I vacillate according to what "looks right"
to me in a given case (or font).

--
Suzanne S. Barnhill
Microsoft MVP (Word)
Words into Type
Fairhope, Alabama USA
Word MVP FAQ site: http://www.mvps.org/word
Email cannot be acknowledged; please post all follow-ups to the newsgroup so
all may benefit.
 
D

Dan Fingerman

Klaus Linke wrote at Mon 13 Oct 2003 10:57:52, in

If you are in the U.S., there are customary ways to affix the "notice
of copyright" and "notice of trademark" symbols. Sometimes, the
notices can affect your legal rights in the material, so this issue is
not as trivial as some believe.

Don't know whether there is a rule, but I guess it's customary to
typeset them full size, not supersripted in front of some text:
Microsoft Word 6
(C) 1989-1994 Microsoft Corporation.

The U.S. Copyright Office discusses the rules for affixing notice of
copyright here:
http://www.loc.gov/copyright/circs/circ03.html

That document says that only the c-in-a-circle symbol, "Copyright" and
"Copr." are acceptable as notices of copyright. I think I recall
seeing in the copyright regulations that (C) or (c) are also
acceptable, but I cannot find it at the moment. I would take USCO's
word over my hazy memory.
and smaller, superscripted right after a copyrighted/trademarked
word: Windows(R)98, Palm(TM) handheld, ...

The U.S. Patent & Trademark Office summarizes the guidelines for when
to use TM and SM here:
http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/tac/tmfaq.htm#Basic007

....and when to use ® here:
http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/tac/tmfaq.htm#Basic008

As for placement and formatting:
The ® symbol is usually inserted immediately after (to the right of)
textual marks. A professor once told me that (R) is an acceptable
alternative, but I never verified this. For pictorial marks
incorporated into documents, I usually see the same placement as for
textual marks. For pictorial marks affixed to physical objects, I
have seen the symbol placed adjacent to the picture on all different
sides.

I could not find anything on the PTO's web site describing the
formatting for TM and SM. When you say "superscripted," you are
probably referring to the character ™ (unicode U+2122 or Alt+0153).
There is a similar character for SM, but I cannot find it right now.
 
S

Suzanne S. Barnhill

Interesting material, but it answers a question that was not asked. The
question was simply, when using the © character, should you superscript it?

--
Suzanne S. Barnhill
Microsoft MVP (Word)
Words into Type
Fairhope, Alabama USA
Word MVP FAQ site: http://www.mvps.org/word
Email cannot be acknowledged; please post all follow-ups to the newsgroup so
all may benefit.
 
K

Klaus Linke

If you are in the U.S., there are customary ways to affix the "notice
of copyright" and "notice of trademark" symbols. Sometimes, the
notices can affect your legal rights in the material, so this issue is
not as trivial as some believe.

Hope I won't be held responsible for any legal consequences of my reply ;-)

The U.S. Copyright Office discusses the rules for affixing notice of
copyright here:
http://www.loc.gov/copyright/circs/circ03.html

That document says that only the c-in-a-circle symbol, "Copyright" and
"Copr." are acceptable as notices of copyright.

You often see both (as in Word2000's "About" notice: "Copyright (c)
1983-1999 Microsoft Corporation").
Seems pretty ugly and redundant to me, but perhaps it does have legal
implications.

I could not find anything on the PTO's web site describing the
formatting for TM and SM. When you say "superscripted," you are
probably referring to the character ™ (unicode U+2122 or Alt+0153).

As I said, in some fonts they are superscripted by default, and in other
fonts they aren't.
There is a similar character for SM, but I cannot find it right now.

It's U+2120 in Unicode, but since most fonts don't have that character, it
may be easier to use a superscripted "SM".

Greetings,
Klaus
 
D

Dan Fingerman

Suzanne S. Barnhill wrote at Tue 14 Oct 2003 14:11:27, in
Interesting material, but it answers a question that was not
asked. The question was simply, when using the ¸ character, should
you superscript it?

No, it is not superscripted.
 

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